Δευτέρα 8 Απριλίου 2013

MUSIC ARTICLE

Music is an art that puts sounds together in a way that people like or find interesting. Most music includes people singing with their voices or playing musical instruments such as the piano,guitar,drums or violin
The word "music" comes from the Greek which means "art" of the Muses".In Ancient Greece the Muses included the godnesses of music,art and dance.
    Music is sound that has been organized by using rhythm, melody or harmony.
There are four things which music has most of the time:
Music often has pitch.This means high and low notes. Tunes are made of notes that go up or down or stay on the same pitch.
Music moreover has rhythm.Rhythm is the length of each note. Every tune has a rhythm that can be tapped. Music usually has a regular beat.
Music furthermorehas dynamics.This means whether it is quiet or loud or somewhere in between.
Music also has timbre. This is a French word . The "timbre"of a sound is the way that a sound is interesting.Timbre is what makes a clarinet sound different from an oboe, and what makes a person's voice sound different from another person.
    Even in the stone age people made music. The first music was probably made trying to imitate sounds and rhythms that occurred naturally. Human music may echo these phenomena using patterns,repetitions and tonality. This kind of music is still here today. Shamans sometimes imitate sounds that are heard in natures.It may also serve as entertainment as games or have practical uses, like luring animals when hunting.Some animals also can use music. Birds that sing use song to protect their territory, or to attract a mates.Monkeys have been seen beating hollow logs. This may, of course, also serve to defend the territory.The first musical instrument used by humans was probably the voice.The human voice can make many different kinds of sounds. The larynx is like a wind instrument.The oldest known Neanderthal hyoid bone with the modern human form was found in 1983,indicating that the Neanderthals had language, because the hyoid supports the voice box in the human throat.The oldest known bone flute is 10,000 years younger.It is therefore difficult to say when music really started.Most likely the first rhythm instruments or percussion instruments involved the clapping of hands, stones hit together, or other things that are useful to keep a beat. There are finds of this type that date back to the paleolithic.Some of these are ambiguous, as they can be used either as a tool or a musical instrument.
     There many seasons of music like: Middle Ages,Baroque and Modern Times
Much of the music in the  Middle Ages was folk music played by working people who wanted to sing or dance. When people played instruments, they were usually playing for dancers. However, most of the music that was written down was for the Catholic church. This music was written for monks to sing in church. It is called Chant.
In the arts, the Baroque was a Western cultural era, which began near the turn of the 17th century in Rome. It was exemplified by drama and grandeur in sculpture, painting, literature, dance, and music.In music, the term 'Baroque' applies to the final period of dominance of imitative counterpoint, where different voices and instruments echo each other but at different pitches, sometimes inverting the echo, and even reversing thematic material.The popularity and success of the Baroque style was encouraged by the Roman Catholic Church which had decided at the time of the Council of Trent that the arts should communicate religious themes in direct and emotional involvement.[citation needed] The upper class also saw the dramatic style of Baroque architecture and art as a means of impressing visitors and expressing triumphant power and control. Baroque palaces are built around an entrance of courts, grand staircases and reception rooms of sequentially increasing opulence. In similar profusions of detail, art, music, architecture, and literature inspired each other in the Baroque cultural movement as artists explored what they could create from repeated and varied patterns. Some traits and aspects of Baroque paintings that differentiate this style from others are the abundant amount of details, often bright polychromy, less realistic faces of subjects, and an overall sense of awe, which was one of the goals in Baroque art.The word baroque probably derives from the ancient Portuguese noun "barroco"which is a pearl that is not round but of unpredictable and elaborate shape. Hence, in informal usage, the word baroque can simply mean that something is "elaborate", with many details, without reference to the Baroque styles of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.Modern Times from about 1900 onwards is called the "modern period". Many 20th century composers wanted to compose music that sounded different from the Classical and Romantic music. Modern composers searched for new ideas, such as using new instruments, different forms, different sounds, or different harmonies.The composer Arnold Schnoeberg (1874-1951) wrote pieces that they did not sound as if they were in any clear musical key. Later, Schoenberg invented a new system for writing music called twelve-tone system. Music written with the twelve-tone system sounds strange to some, but is mathematical in nature, often making sense only after careful study. Pure twelve-tone music was popular among academics in the fifties and sixties, but some composers such as Benjamin Britten use it today, when it is necessary to get a certain feel.One of the most important 20th-century composers, Igor Stravinsky(1882-1971), wrote music with very complicated difficult chords (groups of notes that are played together) and rhythms. Some composers thought music was getting too complicated and so they wrote Minimalist pieces which use very simple ideas. In the 1950s and 1960s, composers such as Karlheinze Stockhousen experimented with electronic music, using electronic circuits,loudspeakers e.t.c. In the 1970s, composers began using electronic synthesizers and musical instruments from rock and roll music, such as the electric guitar. They used these new instruments to make new sounds.
Composers writing in the 1990s and the 2000s, such as John Adams James MacMilan  often use a mixture of all these ideas, but they like to write tonal music with easy tunes as well.
     People can enjoy music by listening to it. They can go to concerts to hear musicians perform. classical music is usually performed in concert halls, but sometimes huge festivals are organized in which it is performed outside, in a field or stadium, like pop festivals. People can listen to music on CD, Computer,iPod, television, the radio, record players and even mobile phones.
There is so much music today, in elevators,shopping malls, and stores,that it often becomes a background sound that we do not really hear. Sometimes it is good to listen more closely to music: by trying to hear the different instruments and what types of notes the instruments are playing.What is more they can learn to play an instrument such as the piano,the guitar, the bass, the violin, the drums,or saxophone. They must choose an instrument that is practical for their size. For example, a very short child cannot play a full size double pass, because the double bass is over five feet high. People should choose an instrument that they enjoy playing, because playing regularly is the only way to get better. Finally,it helps to have a good teacher.So we understand that many people involved with the professional music.

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